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Clover Identification Guide

Clover: A Common Lawn Weed

Clover is a broadleaf weed that can spread quickly across your lawn, recognizable by its small flowers and petal-shaped leaves. While clover can be intentionally grown, such as in deer food plots, it is often seen as an unwanted plant and, therefore, classified as a weed.

White clover, also known as Dutch clover, is one of the most common types, particularly in cool-season grasses. As a perennial weed, it thrives in lawns, fields, ditches, and other low-maintenance areas.

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Appearance

Clover is easy to recognize with these key features:

  • Leaves: Each stem has three small, petal-shaped leaves (leaflets) with a distinct white "v" or crescent marking on each leaf. The leaflets are typically about half an inch long.
  • Flowers: White clover produces small white or light pink blooms that appear from early spring to late fall. The flowers cluster into a spherical shape resembling a small ball of petals.
  • Growth Pattern: Clover grows low to the ground with creeping stems. While the stems spread across the surface, some branches can grow upright, reaching up to a foot in height.
  • Roots: The plant has a shallow root system, making it less tolerant of drought conditions.

Image: A comparison of white clover, common wood sorrel, and black medic leaves.

White clover (Trifolium repens) leaves are more circular compared to similar weeds. It can often be confused with:

  • Common Wood Sorrel (Oxalis acetocella): Heart-shaped leaves.
  • Black Medic (Medicago lupulina): Oval-shaped leaves.

Refer to the differences in leaf shapes shown above when identifying weeds on your property.

Clover Inspection Guide

Understand Clover's Preferred Growing Conditions

While clover is often easy to identify, understanding the specific conditions where it thrives will make locating and treating it more efficient. Knowing its ideal environment will help you identify clover early and take action before it spreads.

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Step1 Check Your Soil's Nitrogen Levels

How to Test Your Soil for Nutrients

Low nitrogen levels in your soil are a major reason clover can establish itself in your lawn. Clover thrives in under-fertilized areas and often serves as a sign of nitrogen deficiency.

If you notice clover growing, it’s likely your soil lacks sufficient nitrogen. Pay special attention to areas in your lawn that consistently struggle with proper nutrient levels. Conducting a soil test will give you a clear understanding of the nutrients present in your soil and what might be missing.

How to Eliminate Clover

Apply a Broadleaf Herbicide

Removing clover from your lawn can be effectively achieved with the use of broadleaf herbicides. Timing is crucial—applying the herbicide at the right moment will ensure faster and more successful clover control.

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Best Time to Treat Clover Weeds

How to Eliminate Clover

Using a broadleaf herbicide specifically labeled for clover control is an effective way to eliminate this weed from your lawn. Here are some key timing tips to ensure the best results:

  • While herbicides can be applied throughout the growing season, fall treatments are typically the most effective for controlling clover.
  • If you need to treat for clover during the summer, avoid applying herbicide when temperatures exceed 80 degrees Fahrenheit to reduce the risk of damaging your grass.

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Clover Treatment Infographic

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Clover Prevention Guide

Follow a Consistent Lawn Maintenance Routine

The key to preventing clover from taking hold and spreading is maintaining a well-nourished, healthy lawn. A proper lawn care schedule, including regular fertilization and maintenance, will strengthen your turf and help it resist clover infestations year after year.

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Step1 Stick to a Proper Fertilization Schedule

How to Apply Granular Lawn Fertilizer

Proper fertilization is the most effective long-term solution for preventing clover in your lawn. Clover thrives in soil with low nitrogen levels, so following a consistent fertilization schedule will ensure your soil maintains the appropriate nitrogen balance.

Regular fertilization not only minimizes clover growth year after year but also strengthens your turf to prevent new clover from taking hold. Fall applications of nitrogen are particularly beneficial in reducing clover infestations the following growing season.

Step2 Adopt Healthy Lawn Care Practices

Maintaining a strong and healthy lawn is key to preventing clover and other weeds from invading your turf. A dense, well-maintained lawn will naturally outcompete clover and keep unwanted plants at bay.

Focus on proper drainage, consistent mowing at the correct height, and adequate irrigation throughout the year. The healthier and thicker your lawn grows, the less opportunity clover will have to establish itself.

Step3 Use a Pre-Emergent Herbicide

How to Control Clover

Applying a pre-emergent herbicide in the fall is an effective way to prevent clover from establishing in your lawn. Timing is critical—apply the pre-emergent before the first frost to ensure maximum effectiveness. This timing may vary depending on your location.

For spring applications, apply the pre-emergent after the ground has thawed but before soil temperatures rise to 55 degrees. If you need guidance on the best timing for your area, contact your local extension office for expert advice.

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